Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern (Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. All three Synoptic Gospels mention this miracle, Matthew writes about two possessed men instead of just one, and only some manuscripts of his Gospel name the location as Gergesa, while the other copies, as well as all versions of Luke and Mark, mention either Gadara or Gerasa (see Mark 5:1-20, Luke 8:26-39, Matthew 8:28-34). :Many scholars maintain that all the New Testament references to Bethsaida apply to one place, namely, Bethsaida Julias. According to Luke, the demoniac wears no clothes and lives among the tombs. Recently the German Catholics made extensive purchases, including the village of el-Mejdel. A paved street, with double colonnade, ran from East to West. (iii) If the 4th Gospel was not written until well into the 2nd century, then the apostle was not the author; but this is a very precarious assumption. Robert L. Webb and Mark Allan Powell, vol. Fragments of an elaborate border, however, remain intact. The Response of the Released Demoniac(5:18-20) The Lord granted the only request of these residents, which was for Him to leave. A few years later, Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, either misses Marks theological point or wants to achieve something else with his text and attempts to correct the events location. But from their mute testimony we gather that the lake in the valley which is now so quiet was once the center of a busy and prosperous population. Peter and Andrew, James and John.The towns around the lake named in Scripture are treated in separate articles. It should be noted, however, that the name is in origin radically different from Bethsaida. 2023 Biblical Historical Context. The Syrians made reprisals, and took many prisoners. The greatest breadth is in the North, from el-Mejdel to the mouth of Wady Semak being rather over 7 miles. These demon-possessed pigs then run headlong into the lake and, presumably, drown. In a few moments the air was thick with mist, through which one could hear the roar of the tortured waters. One of the great Roman roads ran eastward to Der`ah; and an aqueduct has been traced to the pool of el Khab, about 20 miles to the North of Der`ah. Occasionally, however, tempests break over the lake, in which a boat could hardly live. (Ant., XVII, xi, 4; BJ, II, vi, 3). II, ix, 1). The distance line on map shows distance from Nazareth to Capernaum between two cities. We may assume that the cities named in the Gospels were mainly Jewish. GENNESARET, lake of, same as Tiberias, sea of. With these, however, the Gerasenes dealt mercifully, letting such as wished go free, and escorting them to the border (BJ, II, xviii, 1, 5). Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. Once it burst from the South. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. A few palms are still to be seen. The place is not mentioned till later times. The lake and mountains are, in main outline, such as His eyes beheld. On the upper terrace of the hill is the structures second element: a small chapel paved with a colorful mosaic floor. The soil on the level parts around the sea is exceedingly fertile. The northern one, called the prothesis, housed the offerings of the faithful; the southern one, called the diaconicon, provided storage space for the sacred vessels and the vestments of the clergy. See CAPERNAUM. We discovered these images when we lifted the columns and reopened the blocked doorways. Cana: 32.744999: 35.339758: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 26.51 km: Although the miracle goes under the name of the Gadarene swine, it seems that the name Gerasenes is nearer the mark, as this was the land of Geshur in ancient times. The distance is about 19 miles from the river. The hot springs, as noted above, are in the bottom of the valley to the North. Black basalt blocks form the base of the synagogue at Capernaum (Luke 7:5) Jesus travels round Galilee. So, Im kinda dependent on lexicons to tell me whats what. Where vegetable gardens are planted they yield plentifully. The remains of the monastery can be visited in the Kursi National Park. Eusebius of Caesarea (260313 CE10) in his Onomasticon (basically a long list of place names with explanations of their location), not content with his available options of Gerasa and Gadara Eusebius decided to add a third candidate: Eusebius, Onomasticon, 74: Gergesa There the Lord healed the demoniacs. The Tel Dan Steles discovery, the debate it caused, and how it shows that scripture sometimes doesnt work the way we think it does. Geographically its certainly a better fit than Gerasa or Gadara. Jesus agrees, so the demons or unclean spirits leave the man and enter the swine, which then rushed down the steep bank into the lake and were drowned., The cured demoniac begs to accompany Jesus, but Jesus tells him to go home instead and declare how much God has done for you. The cured demoniac then declares to all how much Jesus had done for him. According to Mark, he proclaims it even in the cities of the Decapolisand all the men marveled.. Demonology, The southern city, therefore, should be understood as "the capital of Peraea" in BJ, IV; vii, 3.Gadara was a member of the DECAPOLIS (which see).W. 2019 Dr. Andrew Jackson. Performance & security by Cloudflare. It gradually narrows toward the South, taking the shape of a gigantic pear, with a decided bulge to the West. The NT references ( Mark 5:1; Luke 8:26; cf. The road then crosses a second promontory, and proceeds along the base of the mountain to Tiberias. From the beginning of our work, it was clear that we were excavating the remains of a large, walled settlement of a religious character, undoubtedly a monastery that included a well-built basilica of exceptional quality. It curves round from el-Mejdel in the South, to `Ain et-Tineh, or Khan Minyeh, in the North, a distance of over 3 miles, with an average breadth from the sea to the foot of the mountains of about a mile. 3. v. 37) describe Jesus' healing of the demoniac "Legion" and . Synoptic-Gospels. In 1970, while clearing land for a new road to the Golan Heights, a bulldozer operated by the Ministry of Public Works turned up large quantities of Byzantine pottery and then began to unearth the ruins of ancient structures. The demons inside the man beg to be allowed to enter a nearby herd of swine, numbering about 2,000 according to Mark. du Talmud, 45).Centuries of neglect made a sad change in the plain. Two paved streets with double colonnades cut through the city at right angles, four massive pedestals still marking the point of intersection. History:The name Gadara appears to be Semitic It is still heard in Jedur, which attaches to the ancient rock tombs, with sarcophagi, to the East of the present ruins. They include several splendid temples, theaters, basilica, palaces and baths, with hippodrome and naumachia. Four of the apostles, and these the chief, had been brought up as fishermen on the Sea of Galilee. A city in Transjordania, situated about thirty-five m. SE of the S end of the Sea of Galilee, one of the cities of the Decapolis; the inhabitants of the city. JOHN. The surface is 680 ft. below the level of the Mediterranean. Description: Description:Modern Jerash lies on both banks of Wady Jerash, about 6 miles from its confluence with Wady ez-Zerqa (the Jabbok). In the South it is watered by the stream from Wady el-Chamam, the gorge that opens to the West of el-Mejdel.2. A Christian laymans perspective on the intersection between archaeology, historical criticism, text, and faith. The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities. When we excavated this structure in 1980, we discovered that this was the very site of the miracle, as fixed by Christians in the mid-third century. According to Luke 3:23, Jesus was about thirty years old (quite old in those days) when he began his ministry. The land is almost entirely cleared, and it rewards the toil of the husbandman with all its ancient generosity.W. Like, not even the alphabet. It was on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, and must have been a locality where the steep edges of the Bashan plateau drop close upon the brink of the lake. These motifs were taken from artists notebooks that were used throughout the Mediterranean world, not only during the Byzantine period, but also before and after. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum . Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern ( Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. TIME. Important Roman remains have recently been discovered here. [8] [9] The distance between Bethsaida and Paneas is said to have been 50 mi (80 km). To one descending from Mt. Jesus'-Ministry, The monastery compound lies at the foot of a hill, on a plain by the Sea of Galilee. As Jesus began to get back into the boat, the delivered demoniac pleaded with Him that he might accompany Him. Jesus would naturally avoid those in which Greek influences were strong. Here the mountains recede from the shore, leaving a crescent-shaped plain, largely covered with the ruins of the ancient city. However, Im not alone in thinking that this isnt the best explanation.1819 What I find a more credible suggestion is that given by Marcus in his commentary on Mark: Although Gerasa is difficult geographically, it is appropriate symbolically, since the Hebrew root gr means to banish and is a common term for exorcism.20. John 6:1 After these things, Jesus went away to the other side of the sea of Galilee, which is also called the Sea of Tiberias. On the sands along the shore from el-Mejdel to `Ain et-Tineh these shells are so numerous as to cause a white glister in the sunlight.The main formation of the surrounding district is limestone. The water of the lake is clear and sweet. , Ludwig Koehler et al., The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: E.J. [10] Some of these it is impossible to identify. As this is too far from the sea for a fishing village, Schumacher (The Jaulan, 246) suggests that el-`Araj, "a large, completely destroyed site close to the lake," connected in ancient times with et-Tell "by the beautiful roads still visible," may have been the fishing village, and et-Tell the princely residence. Alexander Janneus invested the place, and reduced it after a ten months' siege (Ant., XIII, iii, 3; BJ, I, iv, 2). Brill, 19942000), 204. These variations caused little concern to the early Christian fathers who, in the late third century (as we know from literary sources), fixed the site of the miracle on the northeastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the mouth of Wadi Samak, also known as the Valley of Kursi (KOOR-see). A person seated on this bench beholds, through the chapels small prayer hall, an excellent view of the enclosed rock on the terrace below, and, from there, of the monastery at the bottom of the hill and the Sea of Galilee beyond. Here he feeds the 5,000 (Mt 14:14; Mk 6:33; Lk 9:11; Jn 6:5) [6] The disciples return across the Sea of Galilee (Mt 14:22; Mk 6:45), Jesus walking on the water to join them (Mt 14:25; Mk 6:48; Jn 6:19). Driving distance between Capernaum, Israel and Jerusalem, Israel is calculated by google maps and it is 99 mi. After all its not far off 300 years after the events. It lay near the place where the Jordan enters the Sea of Gennesaret (Ant., XVIII, ii, 1; BJ, II, ix, 1; III, x, 7; Vita, 72). The ridge sinks gradually to the East, and falls steeply on the other three sides, so that the position was one of great strength. Ewing. The name is derived from either a lakeside village, Gergesa, the next larger city, Gadara, or the best-known city in the region, Gerasa. Your IP: (NOTE.-The Textus Receptus of the New Testament reading. Nazareth: 32.699634: 35.303548: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 32.24 km: Gerasa, one of the cities of Decapolis and the capital of the country of the Gerasenes, lay around 37 miles/60 kilometres away from the Sea of Galilee in what is today the city of Jerash in Jordan.3 The country of the Gerasenes did not reach the Sea of Galilee (an important point that well get to in a bit). Decaplis, Many ancient tombs are to be seen in the face of the hills. Mk 1:35-45 During the winter of 27/28AD, Jesus goes to the nearby villages of Galilee, preaching and casting out demons. The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. (ii) The Bethsaida of medieval writers was evidently on the West of the Jordan. Country of the Gadarenes:This city is not named in Scripture, but the territory belonging to it is spoken of as chora ton Gadarenon, "country of the Gadarenes" (Matthew 8:28). Tyre: 33.2721571: 35.203278: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 55.56 km: In about ten minutes the wind fell as suddenly as it had risen. History:The great and splendid city in the Decapolis is first mentioned as taken after a siege by Alexander Janneus, 85 B.C. You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Unfortunately, the most severe damage to the mosaics occurred in the nave. 6.211. (London; New York: United Bible Societies, 1994), 18, 72, 121. Capernaum (in the original Hebrew. Modern methods of agriculture are being employed in the Jewish colonies, which are rapidly increasing in number. ifsi virtual learning. The substitution of sin for cad is easy: but the insertion of the guttural `ain is impossible. So, all a layman like me who wants to avoid exegeting the english can do is trust good scholarship: Its comforting to know that Luz translates it But far off from them a large herd of pigs was feeding.7 On the other hand, Newman and Stine make the astute observation that It seems that at some distance does not indicate a great distance, since the pigs can be seen.8. If you know the geography of the Sea of Galilee at all, its almost entirely surrounded by hills, some of them pretty steep. Matthew 15:29 Jesus departed there, and came near to the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and sat there. Jerash, ancient Gerasa In front of the prayer hall, a narthex, or porch, separates the hall from the large open forecourt, or atrium, mentioned earlier. On the rocky promontory, however, East of Khan Minyeh we find Sheikh `Aly ec-Caiyadin, "Sheikh Aly of the Fishermen," as the name of a ruined weley, in which the second element in the name Bethsaida is represented. The air cleared, and the wide welter of foam-crested waves attested the fury of the blast. Naturally the temperature in the valley is higher than that of the uplands; and here wheat and barley are harvested about a month earlier. Was Marks knowledge of the Decapolis shaky? This is just five miles from Capernaum, where Jesus had previously been, so it makes sense. ger'-a-sa, ger'-a-senz (Gerasa; Gerasenon):1. Now there is no question that Capernaum was on "the other side," nor is there any suggestion that the boat was driven out of its course; and it is quite obvious that, sailing toward Capernaum, whether at Tell Chum or at Khan Minyeh, it would never reach Bethsaida Julius. Today they are the modern towns of Jerash and Umm Qais. From the point where the Jordan enters in the North to its exit in the South is about 13 miles. Heres where Matthew locates the pigs: Mt 8:30 Now a large herd of swine was feeding at some distance from them. Although the ruins of this settlement, known as Tell el-Kursi, can still be seen, the site remains unexcavated. Therefore it was no contrary wind that carried them toward Capernaum and the "land of Gennesaret." MARK. Gerasa itself is probably represented by the ruins of Kurseh on the South side of Wady Semak, just where it opens on the seashore. The pilgrimage sites associated with the swine miracle, as opposed to the urban settlement of Tell el-Kursi, were discovered quite by accident in the late 20th century. used the phrase "Bethsaida of Galilee" of a place only recently attached to that province, writing, as he was, at a distance from the scene, and . Facebook. The Gerasa of Mark 5:1 was probably Kursi/Gergesa. See CAPERNAUM. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Tyre to Capernaum, It takes 0.06 hours to arrive. The pigs would still have had to have been long distance runners not the picture painted for us in Mark or Luke where the herd is on the hillside close to the water. , Origen, John. Pompey is said to have restored it, 63 B.C. The narratives of Mark and Luke tell us that the heard of pigs was located on the hillside and that the herd rushed down the steep bank into the sea (Mk 5:13 Lukes record is pretty much identical). [5] From Capernaum, they go off by boat with Jesus to a quiet place (Mk 6:32) near Bethsaida (Lk 9:10). This writer extols the productiveness of the plain. Login & Purchase. In their season the wild flowers lavish a wealth of lovely colors upon the surrounding slopes; while bright-blossoming oleanders fringe the shore.Coming westward from the point where the Jordan enters the lake, the mountains approach within a short distance of the sea. After stilling the storm while crossing the Sea of Galilee, Jesus lands with his disciples on the eastern shore of the lake. The distance line on map shows distance from Cana to Capernaum between two cities. Ewing. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Jerusalem to Capernaum, It takes 0.14 hours to arrive. Judas of Gamala (Ant., XVIII, i, l) is also called Judas of Galilee (ibid., i, 6). The total distance between Galilee and Capernaum is 5131 KM (kilometers) and 307.05 meters. He took them, and withdrew apart to a deserted place of a city called Bethsaida. When it comes down to it we really have no idea where the event the narratives are based on took place. (iv) The present writer is familiar with these waters in both storm and calm. Mark 8:22 He came to Bethsaida. Its Christian residents then abandoned it. Luke 9:10 The apostles, when they had returned, told him what things they had done. Still other pilgrimage sites, such as Magdala, have been only recently rediscovered by archaeological excavations after having been entirely forgotten for more than a thousand years. Water:The middle portion is supplied from `Ain el-Madawwerah, a copious fountain near the western edge of the plain, round which a wall has been built, to raise the level of the water; and from the perennial stream, Wady er-Rubadiyeh, which drives a mill before starting on its work of irrigation. But one things for sure: wherever the event happened it was a waste of good bacon. It is as if this chamber (which once had a tower) was built to protect or preserve the boulder. This seems to be the fountain called "Capharnaum" by Josephus (BJ, III, x, 8). Galilee is one of the USA city. Mention is made of the strength of the site and the mighty masonry of its walls. Smooth plaster covered the rock walls of the apse. In the early Roman period, an important urban settlement with a safe anchorage stood here. As in the case of the other Bethsaida, no name has been recovered to guide us to the site. The Merneptah Steles discovery, transcription, and what it shows us about annihilation in the biblical text. It is applied to a district on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matthew 14:34 Mark 6:53), now known as el-Ghuweir, "little Ghor." After Herod's death it was joined to the province of Syria, 4 B.C. The narrow ridge on which the ruins lie runs out toward the Jordan from the uplands of Gilead, with the deep gorge of Wady Yarmuk-Hieromax-on the North, and Wady el `Arab on the South. This street was over 25 feet wide and was paved with carefully cut, black basalt stones. , Freeman-Grenville, Chapman, and Taylor, The Onomasticon by Eusebius of Caesarea (Carta Jerusalem, 2003), 45. The fruits of Gennesaret had such high repute among the rabbis that they were not allowed in Jerusalem at the time of the feasts, lest any might be tempted to come merely for their enjoyment (Neubauer, Geog. Gergasa, it has been suggested12, is a transliteration of Kursi, located half way up the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum (Matthew 8:14 Mark 1:29, etc.). Only twice in over 5 years the present writer witnessed such a hurricane. All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee . The two towns were therefore practically in the same line. , James R. Edwards, The Gospel according to Mark, The Pillar New Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI; Leicester, England: Eerdmans; Apollos, 2002), 154. That monastery was destroyed by Sassanid Persian armies in 614 CE, partially rebuilt, and finally levelled by the 749 Galilee earthquake. On the Sea of Galilee there are frequent storms. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Nazareth to Capernaum, It takes 0.04 hours to arrive. From the northern parts of the lake the Horns of ChaTTin, the traditional Mount of Beatitudes, may be seen through the rocky jaws of the gorge. If it lay on the East it is inconceivable that none of them should have mentioned the river in this connection. a site named Khersa (or Kursi) among the cliffs overlooking the lakethe traditional site, but with little to argue in its favor. Drains in the street reflect a high standard of living, as do the pottery and various other small finds such as coins and decorated glass vessels. Tabor and approaching the edge of the great hollow, on a bright spring day, when the land has already assumed its fairest garments, the view of the sea, as it breaks upon the vision in almost its whole extent, is one never to be forgotten. (Ant., XIV, iv, 4; BJ, I, vii, 7); from which it would appear to have declined in Jewish hands. Here a shallow vale breaks northward, bounded on the West by Tell `Areimeh. Some of the auxiliary rooms of the church and its chapels were closed off completely; others were converted to domestic or industrial use. gad'-a-ra (Gadara):1. The structure itself consists of two parts. It was taken by Antiochus the Great when in 218 B.C. It was used to drive certain mills, and also to refresh the neighboring land. iv.12; St. Mark i.14; St. Luke iv.14, 15; St. John iv.43-54.) It was given by Augustus to Herod the Great in 30 B.C. But (i) this involved a passage from a point on the West to a point on the South shore, "crossing over" two considerable bays; whereas if the boat started from any point in el-BaTeichah, to which we seem to be limited by the "much grass," and by the definition of the district as belonging to Bethsaida, to sail to et-Tell, it was a matter of coasting not more than a couple of miles, with no bay to cross. In separate articles, which are rapidly increasing in number the insertion of the city. Towns were therefore practically in the face of the husbandman with all its far. Theaters, basilica, palaces and baths, with double colonnades cut through the city at angles. ] [ 9 ] the distance is about 19 miles from the shore, leaving crescent-shaped. Husbandman with all its ancient distance from capernaum to gerasenes South is about 13 miles took place (... Round Galilee separate articles the shape of a hill, on a by! 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