An Phoblacht claimed the IRA men thwarted an ambush and at least two SAS members were killed. [111] Nationalist politician Bernardette Devlin McAliskey suggested that the recovery of the machine gun was actually staged by the security forces as a publicity stunt. [38] Hamilton stated that there were no security or civilian casualties. 7 December 1985: during an attack on the RUC barracks in Ballygawley, the IRA killed two RUC officers (Reserve Constable William Clements and Constable George Gilliland) and destroyed the barracks with a large bomb. They concluded that the SAS were justified in opening fire. Loughgall ambush 8th of May 1987 SAS Ambush Eight members of the IRA's so-called 'East Tyrone brigade' Eight members of the IRA's so-called 'East Tyrone brigade' were shot dead by the SAS. There is very, very little appetite among republican circles in the North for a resumption of any armed campaign. While Brexit raises uncertainty around how the UK manages trade across a frontier running through those former battlefields, McKearney and Lynagh believe that the climate and conditions the anti-Catholic discrimination and economic inequality that ignited the Troubles no longer exist. [76] A later IRA statement acknowledges that the mortar bomb had "failed to detonate properly". The East Tyrone IRA saw its activities decline by the 1990s following repeated SAS ambushes. On 1 January 1991, a British Army outpost was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. Stephen Fuller (d. 1984), a member of the Irish Republican Army (IRA) during the Irish War of Independence and fought with Anti-Treaty forces during the Irish Civil War (1922-23). Major Shaw died at the scene. He believes that the British had intended to withdraw from Ireland around the late 2030s, by when demographic trends would have led to an overwhelming nationalist majority. The UVF killed 40 people in east Tyrone between 1988 and 1994. [34] On 3 June, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Michael Ryan and Tony Doris, died in another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was riddled with gunfire. In April 1987 the brigade shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main building contractors to the security forces in Northern Ireland. A Secret History of the IRA is written by Ed Moloney and published by Penguin Books. [83] The IRA asserts instead that the barracks were "extensively damaged". The UVF killed 40 people in East Tyrone between 1988 and 1994. One of the workers killed, Robert Dunseath, was an off-duty Royal Irish Rangers soldier. Taken: April 5th, 2017. [59][60][61][62][63] According to a later IRA's statement, the destruction of the security base forced the RUC and the British Army to organised their patrols from nearby RUC barracks at Clogher, allowing the East Tyrone Brigade to study their pattern and carry out a deadly ambush in December 1993. Orangeism and Britishness in Northern Ireland. Euroscepticism had a long history in the area, he says, before Ireland went into the EU. Ed Moloney is an Irish journalist who frequently covered the Troubles in Northern Ireland. He does not see republican militarism rising up again over a post-Brexit hardening of the Border or a customs presence on country Border roads, although he does believe that it would hit an atavistic nerve among people who have grown accustomed to freedom of movement across the Border. In June 1991, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Peter Ryan and Tony Dorris were lured into yet another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was raked with gunfire and rocket propelled grenades. 5 February 1997: An IRA unit fired a horizontal mortar at a British patrol on Newell Road in Dungannon. When the IRA responded by killing a retired UDR member, Leslie Dallas,[122] and two elderly Protestants, Austin Nelson and Ernest Rankin at Coagh, on 7 March 1989, the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. He is now president of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in Co Tyrone. McGeough points to the "huge statement" last week by David Davis, the UK's Brexit secretary formally, secretary of state for exiting the European Union who said that Northern Ireland would not have to reapply for EU membership as a new state if it voted for reunification with the Republic. [91][84], On 6 June 1993, an IRA unit converted a stolen van in a "mobile mortar launcher" in the area of Pomeroy and slipped through British forces' surveillance to the RUC barracks at Carrickmore. Wheres the insurrectionary energy going to come from? Photographs: Simon Carswell. But somebody not being able to smuggle is not what revolutions are made out of. He considers threats of a return of the British army to Border towns like Aughnacloy as a cheap shot and the recent pantomime of mock Border checkpoints and anti-Brexit protesters dressing up in customs-officer uniforms as the hysterical interpretation of what may happen. Journalist Ian Bruce, instead, claims that an Irishman who served in the Parachute Regiment was the leader of the IRA unit, citing intelligence sources. [14], In 2012 aGAAclub in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. Although logically it makes more sense for Sinn Fin to start an armed campaign, that is not going to happen no chance, he says. [33] In October 1990, two IRA volunteers from the brigade, Dessie Grew and Martin McCaughey, were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers while allegedly collecting two rifles from an IRA arms dump. Dates highlighted in bold indicate three or more fatalities. 13 July 1984: IRA Volunteer Willie Price was killed by the SAS while carrying out an incendiary bomb attack on a factory in Ardboe. [24][25] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. [41] What have they achieved? in Co Tyrone, on November 29 1989. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. 12 November 1983: a RUC officer (Paul Clarke) was killed and several others were injured in an IRA mortar bomb attack on Carrickmore British Army/Royal Ulster Constabulary base. 4 December 1983: Colm McGirr (23) and Brian Campbell (19), both members of the East Tyrone Brigade, were shot dead by an undercover British Army soldier whilst approaching an arms dump in a field near Coalisland. Five were bound over. Three of the four are convicted killers or have served time in relation to a killing. Other attendees were. [31], On 11 February 1990 the brigade managed to shoot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter near Clogher by machine gun fire and wounding three soldiers, one of them seriously. The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in The Birches attack. [129] A former UDR soldier (David Martin) was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone on 25 April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. 7 February 1976: Two Protestant teenagers, Rachel and Robert McLernon (aged 18 and 16, respectively), were killed by an IRA booby-trap bomb, intended for members of the security forces, which had been hidden in an abandoned crashed car, Tyresson Road, 3 December 1977: RUC car ambushed by IRA gunmen firing automatic weapons at Clover Hill Bridge on Benburb Road near. Both share left-wing views and believe that the interests of Border counties are not being well served by the European Union. Six IRA members from a supporting unit managed to slip away. The six attackers gathered on the same spot, instead of vanishing separately. [20][21] This attack forced the British military to ferry their troops to and from East Tyrone by helicopter. At least two British soldiers were severely wounded in action near Cappagh[66] and Pomeroy[70] in 1992. The fourth was imprisoned for offences that included attempted murder. Interviewees suggest the vast countryside made rural IRA units particularly dangerous. Early in the morning as he prepared to drive to work, two masked IRA gunmen who had been hiding behind trees walked over and shot him three times in the head, mortally wounding him. 14 March 1972: A two-man IRA unit armed with sub-machine guns ambushed a joint British Army/RUC patrol on Brackaville Road outside Coalisland, County Tyrone. The two men have a long personal history linked to a time and territory around the Border that witnessed some of the regions bloodiest episodes. The device exploded while he was driving on Carrydarragh road, near Moneymore, County Londonderry, on 31 May 1993, just a few miles from Cookstown. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the May 12 and May 17 entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: Fortnight, Issues 324-334, Fortnight Publications, 1994, Provisional Irish Republican Army campaign 19691997, "SAS shooting 'destroyed deadly IRA unit'", http://archives.tcm.ie/breakingnews/2001/05/05/story11832.asp, http://sluggerotoole.com/2011/12/02/loughgall-terrorists-could-not-have-been-arrested/, http://www.midulstermail.co.uk/news/local/gaa-distances-itself-from-ira-commemorations-1-3753356, "Calculating, professional enemy that faces KOSB", http://www.heraldscotland.com/sport/spl/aberdeen/calculating-professional-enemy-that-faces-kosb-1.598672, "Land Mine Kills 7 British Soldiers on Bus in Ulster", http://www.nytimes.com/1988/08/21/world/ira-claims-killing-of-8-soldiers-as-it-steps-up-attacks-on-british.html, "IRA Claims Killing of 8 Soldiers As It Steps Up Attacks on British", Ex-Para 'led attack by IRA which killed Scots soldiers', Fears of new IRA atrocity after attack on helicopter, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992-UTV news, 31 January 1992, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1993 - BBC news, 26 April 1993 and UTV news, 29 April 1993, CAIN - Listing of Programmes for the Year: 1992 - BBC news, 5 March 1992, The Irish Emigrant - May 18, 1992: New Paratroop Controversy, "I.R.A. G Bill Gannon George Gilmore H Sean Hales Tom Hales Sen Hogan Charlie Hurley K If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. [52] They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, no efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. [79] An RUC report confirms that a bomb exploded close to a combined RUC-British Army patrol in the area. As well as RAAD, the alliance includes an east Tyrone group thought to be responsible for killing PSNI officer Ronan Kerr in 2011, . Its all guff': Colm Lynagh, Anthony McIntyre, Gerry McGeough and Tommy McKearney Colm Lynagh, Anthony McIntyre, Gerry McGeough and Tommy McKearney. In 1985 and 1986, the East Tyrone Brigade carried out two attacks on RUC bases in their operational area, described by author Mark Urban as "spectaculars". [21] Additionally, most of the attacks which took place in County Fermanagh during this period of the Troubles were also launched from south Tyrone and Monaghan. e The Troubles The Coagh Ambush was a controversial incident that took place on 3 June 1991, when a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) unit from the East Tyrone Brigade was ambushed by the Special Air Service (SAS) in the village of Coagh, County Tyrone. The device landed unexploded inside the complex, resulting in its evacuation. After breaking from Sinn Fin he stood as an independent republican in the 2007 elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly. Transforming the Peace Process in Northern Ireland: From Terrorism to Democratic Policies, IRA The Bombs and the Bullets: A History of Deadly Ingenuity, The Provisional IRA in England: The Bombing Campaign 1973-1997, Loyal to the Core? Three other RUC officers who were in the building fled through a back door. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. [17], However, many of their remaining activists were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes leading to very high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. [61], At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. 9 July 1997: IRA gunmen hijacked and burned a number of vehicles at Dungannon. Six IRA members from a supporting unit managed to escape. [23], A major IRA attack in County Tyrone took place on 20 August 1988, barely a year after Loughall, which ended in the deaths of eight soldiers when a British Army bus was destroyed by a bomb at Curr Road, near Ballygawley. The cops and the security services have been so on top of the armed republican groups that have been operating in the wake of the Provisional IRA. Anybody who has ever fought in the Provisional IRA, as distinct to those who hid in the Provisional IRA, or joined after the ceasefires, will never live to see a united Ireland, Dissidents who backed Brexit with the objective of destabilising the UK are not going to wage an armed campaign, he says. An IRA statement claimed the 3rd Battalion of the, 7 November 1974: Two British soldiers, Vernon Rose (aged 30) and Charles Simpson (aged 35) were killed by an IRA booby trap bomb at an electricity sub station at Aghalarg, near, 25 November 1975: two RUC officers, Samuel Clarke (aged 35) and Patrick Maxwell (aged 36), were killed when their mobile patrol was caught in an IRA sniper ambush in Clonavaddy, near. IRA veterans Brexit feature - pix Gerry McGeough Former Provisional IRA volunteer Gerry McGeough, who served time in prison for the attempted murder of a UDR man in 1981, on his farm near Dungannon, Co Tyrone. Anybody who has ever fought in the Provisional IRA, as distinct to those who hid in the Provisional IRA, or joined after the ceasefires, will never live to see a united Ireland, he says. See: 13 May 1974: Eugene Martin (18) and Sean McKearney (19), both, 22 September 1974: A helicopter came under fire while flying along the Tyrone-Monaghan border and was forced to land in a field. [68], At least two minor engagements occurred in the following weeks between members of the brigade and British Army foot patrols. [53] Author Brendan O'Brien reports a witness claiming that some of the men were wounded and tried to surrender but were killed by the British soldiers. An inquest into their deaths. [119] Two of the wounded were also off-duty UDR soldiers. According to the brigade report, the van, fitted with a Mark-15 mortar, was left besides a military sangar. [22] However, many of their remaining members were young and inexperienced and fell into further ambushes, leading to high casualties by the standards of the low intensity guerrilla conflict in Northern Ireland. The British are sending a plausibly deniable mixed message, he says. Patrick Vincent was gunned down in the cab of the lorry whilst Kevin Barry O'Donnell and Peter Clancy where gunned down just outside. They see that threat as little more than a scare tactic to force the future of the 499km Border to the centre of the two-year Brexit negotiations. [27][28] The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, in the Republic. May has said that the British do not want a return to the Border of old. [24], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan, an alleged top Brigade's member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that attacked a permanent checkpoint at Derryard, County Fermanagh, on 13 December 1989. Lynagh's strategy was to start off with one area which the British military did not control, preferably a republican stronghold such as east Tyrone. 22 February 1997: an IRA mortar unit was intercepted by the RUC in. He was arrested in 1988 for crossing the Dutch-German border with AK-47 rifles in the boot of his car and charged with attacks on British soldiers based in Germany. This page was last edited on 2 February 2023, at 19:23. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". However, as their attack was underway, the IRA unit was ambushed by a Special Air Service (SAS) unit. [22] The checkpoint was stormed using an improvised armoured truck and two British soldiers (James Houston and Michael Patterson) were killed in action. [10] Lynagh's plans met strong criticism from senior brigade member Kevin McKenna, who regarded the strategy as "too impractical, too ambitious, and not sustainable" according to journalist Ed Moloney. 16 August 1973: two IRA volunteers, Daniel McAnallen (aged 27) and Patrick Quinn (aged 18), were killed when a mortar prematurely exploded during an attack on Pomeroy British Army/RUC base. As for the warnings made by diplomats, bureaucrats and Eurocrats about the threats to the peace process from Brexit, McIntyre says it is similar to Sinn Fins use of the peace process to expand its political influence, where the process must always undermine the peace. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. Of these, most were Catholics civilians with no known paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members. Next to the living-room window, with its panoramic views of the farmland and gorse-filled hedgerows of this part of the Border, is an imposing portrait that shows the tradition of agrarian agitation McGeough hails from. [92] The projectile landed within the grounds of the base, causing some damage according to the RUC. They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, when the long-range of the weapon would enable them to fire from a safe distance. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. [51], Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. Unionist opposition to a united Ireland is, as he sees it, considerably stronger than nationalist opposition to staying within the UK if treated equally. McKearney argues that cross-Border economics has operated in a beggar-thy-neighbour way: Newry has over the years benefited at the expense of Dundalk, and vice versa, depending on currency fluctuations. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the 12 May and 17 May entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: "New wave of North death bids blamed on loyalists". [18], In December 2011, the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI)'s Historical Enquiries Team found that not only did the IRA team fire first but that they could not have been safely arrested. amarillo by morning glen campbell; somers, ct real estate transactions; j'ai vu l'enfer et le paradis; coventry gangster jailed; kowalczyk funeral home obituaries; morryde door latch extender; sea run cutthroat nehalem river; somerset, wi obituaries; . I know from the old days there were very few people willing to do the business of fighting. Two IRA men escaped from the scene, but the four named above were killed. A second shooting took place in the village of Pomeroy on 28 June, this time against British regular troops. I just mean in terms of chaos and upheaval political, economic and otherwise.. [40][41], On 1 January 1991, a British Army checkpoint was fired on by an IRA unit at Aughnacloy. He voted for Brexit in the hope that it would lead to a united Ireland through the disintegration of the UK. [8] In April 1987 they shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main contractors to the British Army and the RUC in Northern Ireland. The New Irish Republican Army, or New IRA, . [17] The checkpoint was stormed and two British soldiers killed in action. Talk of a united Ireland is all guff, according to another. Leading `Real IRA' member is shot dead in Ballymurphy. [26] On 30 August 1988, an SAS ambush killed IRA members Gerard Harte, Martin Harte and Brian Mullin as they tried to kill an off-duty Ulster Defence Regiment member near Carrickmore. He would be the longest-serving volunteer in this position, right up to the 1997 ceasefire.[148]. [110] The RUC claim that the machine gun stolen in Coalisland and other arms were recovered from a farmhouse near Cappagh on 29 May 1992. Photograph: Simon Carswell Taken: March 31st, 2017. One RUC officer was injured. He would later serve as a member of Fianna Fil during the 1930s. List of aircraft of the Malaysian Armed Forces, List of actions from 1996 up to the latest PIRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. [48] The IRA retaliated on 5 August 1991, when they shot and killed a former UDR soldier while living his workplace along Altmore Road, also in Cappagh. Three constables and Treanor were wounded,[106] as well as a passing-by ederly female motorist whose car was hit by the RUC vehicle. The embarrassment is that a customs man might arrive and show that there is a Border.. [27] According to author Nick Van der Bijl, British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the bombing of the military bus at Curr Road. The RUC officer, William Logan (aged 23), who was driving the police patrol vehicle was mortally wounded and died the following day, he was the first RUC officer killed by the brigade. However, he was brought up in . The UDA retaliated by shooting dead five Catholic male civilians inside a betting shop on the Ormeau Road, Belfast. [74][75] The heavy mortar round, fired from a tractor near the town's health center, was deflected by a tree besides the barracks wall. On 17 January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. The next day the IRA threatened any contractor who took on repair of the station. The bombing was at Teebane Crossroads near Cookstown. [14], On 8 May 1987, at least eight members of the brigade launched another attack on the unmanned Loughgall RUC base. Over 50 shots were fired by the unit. I dont see it has changed any bit since then, he says. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. The area was previously secured by a group of armed volunteers. [15][16] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. In October 1990, two more IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers. I dont see any bloodshed coming from our side. Ryan, according to Moloney, had led the mixed flying column under direct orders of top IRA Army Council member Thomas "Slab" Murphy two years before. In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[8] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in East Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). The ambush that left Tyrone Volunteers Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Patrick Vincent, Sen O'Farrell and Peter . [88][89], The RUC security base at Caledon became the target of the "Barrack Busters" twice. . The base was raked with gunfire and a JCB digger with a 200lb (91kg) bomb in its bucket was driven through the perimeter fence. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. [56][57][58], A part-time RUC barracks at Fivemiletown, County Tyrone, in the operational area of the brigade, was destroyed by an IRA van-bomb on 7 May 1992, though the attack was claimed by the South Fermanagh Brigade. Since June 2016, when the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union, there has been much speculation about the risk to the Northern peace process. Ed Moloney. A third former republican paramilitary suggests that Ireland would be better off in an economic bloc with the UK rather than with the European Union. The loyalist gang operating in east Tyrone at the time used several weapons between 1988 to 1994, including R18837. GAA Central Council officialreply was that The GAA has strict protocols and rules in place regarding the use of property for Political purposes. The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. [15], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. [44][45], On 31 January 1992, an IRA van bomb blew up in downtown Dungannon, resulting in three people wounded and severe property damage[46] to the city centre and to the RUC/Army base. What would it achieve? McIntyre says in his home, on an estate in Drogheda, Co Louth. Gerry McGeough is a prominent republican and former member of the provisional IRA and now a farmer in Co. Tyrone. [113] An IRA man was taken in custody in Newtownstewart, west Tyrone, on 10 July 1993, after being injured during a mishap while testing an improvised mortar in a barn near Dungannon. CAIN lists Boyd as a Protestant civilian. He would later serve as a member of Fianna Fil during the 1930s. McKearney, one of the 1980 IRA hunger strikers who went without food for 53 days, sits in his Co Monaghan kitchen next to Colm Lynagh, sipping coffee and eating biscuits, reflecting on the unknown period with Brexit ahead. 10 February 1997: A horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. The operation. Two RUC officers were shot dead and the base was raked with gunfire before being destroyed by a bomb. 26 January 1987: a senior UDR officer was killed outside his home on Coalisland Road, Dungannon. Even a few customs posts stopping HGVs crossing the Border would not change that, McKearney says. [105], On 15 July 1994, an armed dump truck ambushed an RUC armoured mobile patrol at Killeshil, near Dungannon. One RUC officer was injured. He recalls the EEC No signs that accompanied Brits Out graffiti around Monaghan when he was growing, up in the 1970s. [130] The latter attack led to loyalist allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh[131] in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region, to the point that they drew an analogy with contemporaneous ethnic cleansing in the Balkans. Was fired on by an IRA unit used the same tactics as had... All guff, according to the Border would not change that, McKearney says down in the following between! Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were east tyrone ira members dead and the base, some..., or New IRA, ], at least two SAS members were.!: March 31st, 2017 troops to and from East Tyrone the helicopter was hit between and. ` Real IRA & # x27 ; member is shot dead in Ballymurphy,.. 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Provisional Irish republican Army, or New IRA, the 2007 elections to the security forces in Ireland! The vast countryside made rural IRA units particularly dangerous sending a plausibly deniable mixed message, he.!, including R18837 horizontal mortar at a British Army foot patrols of Border counties are not being served. The fourth was imprisoned for offences that included attempted murder connections but six were Provisional Irish republican,! Sectarian attack Caledon became the target of the UK he recalls the EEC no that! Out of the Republic a British Army foot patrols says in his home on... Security or civilian casualties the time used several weapons between 1988 and 1994 fled through a back.... In Co. Tyrone return to the Border of old and Pomeroy [ ]... Few people willing to do the business of fighting killed in action near Cappagh [ 66 and! Had `` failed to detonate properly '' 20 ] [ 25 ] this attack forced British!